Centrifugal apparatus for treating gases.



PATBNTED DEC. 19, 1905.

B. THEISBN. GENTRIPUGAL APPARATUS FOR TREATING GASES.

APPLICATION FILED MAYII. 1903.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.,

PATENTBD DEC. 19, 1905.

13. THEISEN. OENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS FOR TREATING GASES. APPLICATION IILEDMAY 11,1908.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

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EDUARD THEISEN, OF BADEN, GERMANY.

CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS FOR TREATING GASES.-

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 19, 1905.

Application filed May 11, 1903. Serial No. 156,536.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDUARD THEISEN, mechanical engineer, residing at 10 Lichtenthaler Allee, Baden, in the Grand Duchy of Baden, Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Centrifugal Apparatus for Treating Gases, of which the following is a specification.

In certain centrifugal apparatus for treating gases by means of liquids for the purposes of purifying, cooling, absorbing, &c., the gases and the liquid are made to travel in contrary directions over the internal surface of the casing by means of the pressure which is imparted to the gases and liquid by the centrifugal blades. Revolving cylinders are employed for the purpose, which carry on their outer surface helically-shaped blades. As all the gas must be brought in contact with the liquid, it has to be propelled to the outer edge of the blades. The gas which is in front of the blades always flows outward. It sometimes happens, however, in particular with a high speed of the blades, that behind these exist spaces in which a partial vacuum is formed and that the gas in these spaces flows to a certain extent along the blades and is not forced sufficiently in contact with the liquid to insure its being effectually freed from impurities and constituents that are required to be separated therefrom, more particularly when the apparatus is of limited length. In fact, such gas travels along the helical channel existing between two blades.

The present invention has for its object to obviate the above disadvantage and to increase the useful effect of such centrifugal apparatus by preventing the above-described formation of gas-currents behind the centrifugal blades, which pass through the apparatus without coming into intimate contact with the absorption-liquid. Various maans may be employed for effecting this object.

In the accompanying drawings I have represented diflerent ways of carrying out my invention.

Figure 1 is a section through one form of my improved apparatus. Fig. 2 shows the vanes in a modified form. Fig. 3 shows a further form of the vanes. Fig. 4 is a section through a conical form of my apparatus. Fig. 5 is an end view of Fig. 4:.

According to one arrangement there are provided on the rear side of the centrifugal blades obstacles to the formation of the said currents, whereby the gas is deflected from its course and made to mix with the eddying body of gas existing beyondthe outer edges of the blades, in particular in the space between these and the layer of liquid on the easing. These obstacles may either be fixed on the blades themselvesin the form of projecting plates or ribs. This is represented in Fig. 1, where a is the casing, Z) the revolving cylinder, 0 the vanes fixed on the circumference of cylinder 6. (i represents perforated plates fixed at the casing a and projecting in the interstices between the vanes by means of slots provided in the vanes. The obstacles may be fixed to the cylinder carrying the blades or to the central shaft thereof, vanes or ribs projecting into the spaces behind the helical blades. This is shown in Fig. 3, where f represents the obstructing plates provided at the rear side of the vanes 0. The said vanes or ribs may in some cases be made with interruptions or perforations in order not to operate too forcibly in stopping the said motion of the gas, which interruptions would also facilitate the intimate mingling of the gases with the spray of the absorption liquid. According to another arrangement the said currents of gas are prevented by forming openings in the centrifugal blades themselves, by which means a continuous flow of gas will take place from the front side of the blades, where the gas is under pressure, through the said openings to the rear side, where the partial vacuum exists, and thus any quiescent flow of gas behind the blades will be prevented and a more intimate mingling of the gases with the liquid spray produced by the centrifugal action of the gases will be insured. These perforated vanes are shown in Fig. 2.

A conical casing may advantageously combine with the features described. With this form of easing the revolving cylinder carrying the centrifugal blades can be of uniform diameter throughout, so that the annular space between it and the casing will increase in volume toward the discharge end for the liquid and inlet end for the gases, whereby the action will' be rendered still more effective, as the gases will be of'a higher temperature at the end where they enter the apparatus than at the discharge end, owing to the gradual cooling action, and will consequently be of greater volume at the former than at the latter point. This construction is shown in Figs. A and 5.

7c is the conical casing. 7a is the inlet of the liquid; n, the outlet. escapes at p.

The rotating cylinder 6 is provided with plates having ribs d at the rear side. The centrifugal blades fixed to the said cylinder are, however, made of tapering width. so that the outer edges thereof run parallel with the conical casing. As with this construction of the centrifugal apparatus the gradual decrease of the space between the revolving cylinder and the casing corresponds with the gradual decrease of the volume of the gases due to cooling as they travel from the inlet to the outlet end, the action will be rendered much more energic without requiring any increase of driving-power than when the easing is made cylindrical, because with the conical casing a much more rapid flow of the liquid in the contrary direction to the gases will be effected by the latter when subject to centrifugal action than is the case with the cylindrical casing, and therefore a much larger quantity of liquid will be made to act on the gases in a given time for cooling and purifying them without any additional expenditure of power.

The gas enters at g and The blades project inwardly at e at the side of the gas-entrance and outwardly, as at f, at the outlet in order to propel the gas through the apparatus in a direction contrary to that of the liquid.

Now what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is the following:

A centrifugal apparatus comprising a stationary casing having an inlet for a liquid at one end and an outlet therefor at the other end, and also having a gas-inlet and a gasoutlet at opposite ends, and a rotary drum contained within said casing and provided with vanes to agitate the fluid within the apparatus, said vanes having projections upon their rear sides at their outer portions to obstruct the flow of the gas at the rear of the vanes.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDUARD THEISEN.

Witnesses:

W. F RHRR. VON LYNOKER, CARL SOHMITT. 

